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A is a group of performers who provide musical accompaniment for Japanese Noh or kabuki theatre, ''yose'' () performances of ''rakugo'', or a festival. In Noh, the ''hayashi'' sit along the rear of the stage, facing the audience and fully visible. A distinct and separate group of performers from the chorus, they are purely instrumentalists; the type of instruments featured and the order in which they sit on stage follow established practices. The leftmost performer plays a small ''taiko'', set on a stand before him, with two drumsticks. To his right is the ''ōtsuzumi'' hip drum, followed by the ''kotsuzumi'' shoulder drum, and the Noh flute (''nōkan'' or simply ''fue'').〔Cavaye, Ronald et al. ''A Guide to the Japanese Stage''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 2004. p173.〕 In kabuki, a number of shamisen players are added, along with, depending on the play, ''taiko'' drums of various sizes, various types of flutes, and other instruments, including a myriad of devices for sound effects.〔"Hayashi." (Kabuki Encyclopedia ) (歌舞伎事典, ''Kabuki Jiten''). Japan Arts Council, 2001-2003. Accessed 30 May 2009.〕 The kabuki ''hayashi'' is generally located in a small room just off-stage, and is not visible to the audience, though a barred window in the walls of the stage set indicates its location. For ''matsubame'' plays and dances, those based on works from Noh and ''kyōgen'', the ''hayashi'' will often be located along the rear of the stage, fully visible in imitation of Noh and ''kyōgen'' modes. As with kabuki actors, and other performers in traditional arts, instrumentalists in the traditions of Noh ''hayashi'', kabuki ''hayashi'', and ''nagauta'' shamisen (the shamisen style used in kabuki and bunraku), are members of a number of traditional lineages, following the ''iemoto'' system. Performers traditionally take on the name of their school as an art-name (i.e. stage name). Notable ''hayashi'' lineages include the Tōsha school, Mochizuki school, and Tanaka school. ''Nagauta'' shamisen schools include the Kineya school and Imafuji school, among others.〔''Kabuki techō: Kabuki Official Data Book 2008''. ''Nihon Haiyū Kyōkai'' (Japan Actors' Association). 2008: Tokyo. pp259-276.〕 In a ''rakugo yose'', the music includes shamisen and percussion parts. At festivals, the performers play flutes and percussion instruments.〔(はやし 【 ▼ 囃子/ ▼ 囃】の意味 国語辞典 - goo辞書 ) (Retrieved on May 31, 2009)〕 ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hayashi (music)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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